Tag: prevent

World diabetes day: how to prevent and treat it at the table – Italian Cuisine

November 14 was World Diabetes Day, because prevention is better than cure. And it takes physical activity and proper nutrition

In the world there are beyond 425 million diabetics, a number that, according to estimates, could reach 522 million by 2030. In Italy, in particular, suffer from diabetes approx 3.7 million people, but 1 in three does not know. For this there are initiatives such as the World Diabetes Day which was established in 1991 by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and the World Health Organization (WHO) and which was celebrated on November 14 in order to promote knowledge of this disease, raise awareness of the importance of early diagnosis and provide useful information for prevention and treatment.

What is diabetes, type 1 and type 2

Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by the presence of high levels of glucose in the blood (hyperglycemia) due to an altered amount or function of the insulin produced by the pancreas. As explained by the Italian Diabetes Society (Sid), among the types of diabetes are the type 1 diabetes and the type 2 diabetes. The first is a disease of autoimmune origin and is the consequence of a relatively rapid destruction of the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. It occurs mainly in children, adolescents, young adults and requires insulin injection therapy.

Type 2 diabetes has a deficit, less severe than diabetes 1, in the production of insulin or its use, and develops over a period of years. The most common symptoms of diabetes are increased thirst and urination, vision problems, tingling or numbness in the hands, feet, arms and legs, tiredness, while the consequences may be increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and reduced kidney function. Diabetes 2 (about 90% of diabetes cases) is often diagnosed occasionally and when complications are already present. Especially arises after 40 years of age and the onset of the disease is often linked to problems of overweight and obesity. Scientific studies have also identified 2 diabetes risk factors familiarity, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol consumption.

Healthy eating and physical activity, the first cure for diabetes

For this reason, to prevent and treat diabetes 2 it is useful to lead a healthy lifestyle that includes one Proper nutrition, varied and balanced, and the exercise ofphysical activity.
As recommended by the Ministry of Health, it should walk for at least 30 minutes a day avoiding two consecutive days of inactivity and regularly interrupting (for example, every 20-30 minutes) the time spent in a sitting and / or reclined position. Physical activity
increases the HDL cholesterol (the good one), reduces triglycerides and promotes the redistribution of body fat.

What are the feeding rules? He explains them in a simple way Diabetes Italy Onlus.
THE carbohydrates are the main persons responsible forincreased blood sugar, but they must be present in everyone's diet because they provide us with energy. However, we must prefer cereals and wholemeal flours and i less refined products. There are no limits to the intake of water, vegetables and legumes, while it is necessary to reduce a lot of foods with saturated fats – choosing i instead good fats contained, for example, in blue fish and extra virgin olive oil – and decrease products rich in added sugars. White meat and red meat must be alternated, preferring the former. And what about sweets? Are they to be avoided? They can be inserted sometimes, with some exceptions, but for diabetics the advice of an experienced doctor is required.

How can we help ourselves, in general, to control the sense of hunger and the risk of weight gain? From the association they suggest: choose spicy recipes, rich in flavors and colors; insert some breaks between one course and another; eat slowly chewing several times and without reading or watching TV; drink plenty of water with a meal and start with some 'Antipasti' with seasonal vegetables, rich in aroma and flavor; eliminate the habit of eating without thinking and without measure; appreciate what you eat, look for variety in purchases and preparations. Even the way of lay the table it's important.

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Breast cancer. At the table it is possible to prevent it and make treatments more effective – Italian Cuisine

Overweight and obesity increase the chances of getting sick and, if diagnosed, the chances of recovery decrease. Here are the rules to follow to reduce the risks

The breast cancer it is one of the most frequent cancers in the female population. 55,000 women in Italy fall ill with breast cancer every year. This is said by the AIRC foundation which launched the Nastro Rosa campaign to support the world of breast cancer research until 31 October.
Objective: to give back to thousands of women their life project. The results achieved by research in recent years have in fact given new possibilities for therapy and treatment. According to the report data The numbers of cancer in Italy 2020, created by AIOM, AIRTUM, the AIOM Foundation and PASSI, survival 5 years after diagnosis is constantly increasing: in fact, in the last twenty years it has risen from 81 to 87 percent. Thanks to the progress of science, it is now known that among the most powerful prevention weapons available there are lifestyles, including the choices that are made every day at the table.
"Weight gain is one of the main risk factors," he explains Antonio Moschetta, doctor, full professor of internal medicine at the Aldo Moro University of Bari and Airc researcher. "The available data suggest that there is a correlation between the incidence of breast cancer, its greater aggressiveness and its reduced ability to cure and abdominal obesity. In the most recent epidemiological studies it has been seen that the presence of visceral fat in the waist increases the chances not only of encountering this type of problem, but of having to deal with a more aggressive and difficult-to-treat tumor ", says the expert, who explains here what to do at the table to reduce the risk of getting sick and improve the chances of recovery if diagnosed.

Beware of false myths

«One of the most widespread beliefs is that there is a miraculous diet capable of preventing breast cancer and that it can be good for all women. In reality this is not the case. Any protocol must be customized based on age, physical constitution and hormonal phase. A diet tailored to a woman of childbearing age will never be suitable for a perimenopausal or menopausal woman ", emphasizes the expert. However, there are general rules that can be useful to everyone. "The first is that keeping the body healthy through physical activity and a correct diet can not only reduce the chances of getting sick, but also increase the response to available therapies. Studies show that a person who is in a situation of obesity or is overweight if he loses weight decreases the levels of chronic inflammation and has a better chance of a cure .

At the table, limit not only fats

The presence of fat around the belly does not only depend on the excessive consumption of fatty foods. Eating high amounts of sugar-rich foods can also increase body fat and increase the risk of breast cancer. "Excessive consumption of sugars promotes greater production of insulin, a hormone capable of transforming them into fats," explains the expert. At the table, therefore, it is necessary to reduce the consumption of sugars in particular of the simple ones present in foods such as sugar, refined baked goods, sweets. Instead, it is necessary to give precedence to complex ones, present in whole grains and their derivatives which, thanks to the presence of fiber, slow down their absorption. In the menus, it is also necessary to prefer healthy fats such as those found in extra virgin olive oil and blue fish and reduce the consumption of the saturated ones contained in cheeses and red and processed meat such as cured meats.

Lots of fiber and balanced menus

To lower the risk of developing breast cancer and improve survival after a diagnosis, it is necessary to focus on the Mediterranean diet which includes vegetables and complex carbohydrates together with good quality proteins. Vegetables have countless benefits. «Thanks to the richness of satiating fibers, they reduce the risk of hyperglycemia and obesity, two risk factors for cancer. Some types of vegetables such as crucifers, particularly broccoli, also contain molecules capable of dissolving fats and counteracting conditions that increase the chances of getting sick . Finally, we must pay attention to meal times. "Today we know that catabolism, the set of metabolic processes through which the body transforms food into energy, also changes according to the times of the day in which it is taken. The general rule of thumb is to introduce more food for breakfast and lunch and reduce portions for dinner. In the first part of the day when the metabolism is more active, the body tends to accumulate less storage energy. On the contrary, the intake of large quantities of food during the last part of the day risks accumulating in the form of fat, which over time not only increases the possibility of creating a protumoral environment, but also increases the aggressiveness of the disease. and decrease the chances of responding to therapy ".

Coronavirus, how to wash your hands to prevent infection – Italian Cuisine

Washing your hands is essential to prevent the new coronavirus, a respiratory disease that can also be transmitted by touching the mouth, nose or eyes with contaminated hands. Here are the rules to follow to stay away from the infection

Washing your hands is one of the fundamental rules dictated by the Ministry of Health to prevent the new coronavirus COVID-19. Like other respiratory diseases, new coronavirus infection can cause mild symptoms such as cold, sore throat, cough and fever, or more severe symptoms such as pneumonia and breathing difficulties. It can rarely be fatal. The people most likely to experience severe forms are the elderly and those with existing diseases, such as diabetes and heart disease. Washing your hands often throughout the day is able to prevent infection in case of contact with any viruses present in the environment. The new coronavirus is in fact a respiratory virus that spreads even by touching the mouth, nose or eyes with contaminated (not yet washed) hands. But how do you wash your hands to avoid getting sick? Here are some basic rules to follow to prevent Coronavirus.

What to use: soap or sanitizers

For hand hygiene according to the indications of the Ministry of Health, ordinary soap is sufficient. In the absence of water, alcohol-based hand sanitizers can be used. However, these products should be used when the hands are dry, otherwise they are not effective. If used frequently they can cause dry skin. There are medical-surgical and biocidal products authorized on the market with bactericidal action, but care must be taken not to abuse them. Prolonged use could encourage the development of resistance in bacteria against these products, increasing the risk of infections.

How long to spend on proper hand hygiene

To wash your hands correctly if you use soap and water, the washing should not last less than 40-60 seconds. If instead of using alcohol-based sanitizers, the operation must last no less than 30-40 seconds.

When to wash your hands

For proper hand hygiene it is important to wash them often throughout the day. But there are times when doing so is critical to preventing contagion. For example, before eating. Even before handling or consuming especially raw foods, especially meat, fish, poultry eggs it is important to do so. Coronavirus is transmitted through the respiratory tract, including the nose and mouth. Hands should then be washed before applying or removing contact lenses, before and after using the bathroom, after throwing out the trash or taking means of transport. To prevent infection, hand washing is a fundamental operation after coughing, sneezing or blowing your nose. Even after touching animals it is important to wash your hands as well as before or after changing a diaper and in many other situations of everyday life.

How to wash your hands with soap and water

According to the indications of the Ministry of Health, you must first wet your hands with water and apply enough soap to cover the entire surface of the hands. Then rub your hands palm against palm. For correct hygiene, place your right palm over your left back, interlacing your fingers together and vice versa. Then rub the back of the fingers against the opposite palm keeping the fingers tight between them. Rub your hands palm against palm back and forth by interlacing the fingers of the right hand crossed with those of the left. Then rub your right thumb keeping it tight in the palm of your left hand and vice versa. Rub by turning the fingers of the right hand back and forth, held together in the palm of the left hand and vice versa. Then rub the wrist by rotating the fingers of the right hand back and forth between them on the left wrist and repeat for the right wrist. Rinse your hands thoroughly with water. Dry your hands thoroughly with a disposable towel. And finally use the disposable towel to close the tap.

How to wash your hands with alcohol solution

To wash your hands, pour enough solution into your palm to cover the entire surface of your hands. Rub your hands palm against palm, then the left palm over the right back intertwining the fingers between them and vice versa. And still rub well palm against palm and the backs of the hands with your fingers. Rub your right thumb keeping it tight in the palm of your left hand and vice versa. Rub by turning the fingers of the right hand back and forth, held together in the palm of the left hand and vice versa. Then rub the wrist by twisting the fingers of the right hand back and forth between them on the left wrist and repeat for the right wrist.